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Cesium is a soft metal with a silvery gold appearance. It is a component of the caesium alloy used in nuclear reactor coolant systems. It is also an ingredient in the low melting NaKCs eutectic alloy. It is a radioactive element with a long half-life and a relatively high specific activity, and is one of the most hazardous and problematic radionuclides. cesium dichromate (CsCr2O7) is a stable form of the chemical that is the preferred solid for cesium radiochemistry, but it is difficult to use in laboratory experiments due to its insoluble nature and toxic properties. Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) is another contaminant that co-exists with radioactive cesium in waste water from atomic energy production facilities and radiochemistry research laboratories.
Several methods have been developed to remove Cr(VI) from contaminated water and wastewater streams. These include chromating, ion exchange, and oxidation with nitric acid. The most effective and reliable method is ion exchange using natural or modified zeolites, which exhibit a high cation-exchange capacity. This is attributed to the replacement of tetravalent silica (Si4+) by trivalent aluminum (Al3+) in the crystal structure. The adsorption of cesium and hexavalent chromium from water ions to the surface of zeolite is primarily based on this mechanism.
Among the many possible zeolite structures, CTAB-zeolite has been shown to be a highly efficient adsorbent for both cesium and hexavalent chromate. The results obtained by adsorption isotherm analysis using Redlich-Peterson equation show that the observed adsorption is mainly driven by the replacement of exchangeable cations on the zeolite’s surface with Cs+ ions, which are the dominant species of these contaminants in aqueous solutions at the studied pH ranges.