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Copper chloride is a yellowish-brown anhydrous mineral that slowly absorbs moisture to form a greenish blue dihydrate. Its chemical formula is CuCl2.
In nature, it occurs naturally as an anhydrous mineral, tolbachite, and as a dihydrate, eriochalcite. In both of these forms, it is a crystalline solid and is the most common copper compound.
It is soluble in water, ethanol and acetone; moderately soluble in ether; insoluble in methanol.
This substance can be produced by the reaction of a solution of copper ions with hydrochloric acid. This process is rarely used, due to the exothermic nature of the reaction and the release of toxic chlorine gas.
It is an oxidant, mordant, and catalyst in numerous organic chlorination reactions. It is also used as an ingredient of isomerization and cracking catalysts. It is a preservative for wood, a color pigment for glass and ceramics, and an ingredient in several copper salts. It is also used as an analytical reagent.
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