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Lithium Chloride Monohydrate (LCHM) is a crystalline water soluble Lithium source. It is used as a desiccant for air conditioners and as a precursor to lithium compounds.
The LD50 of lithium chloride in rats is a variable amount. This varies by the age, concn, and route of administration. However, it is usually less than 1 oz of lithium chloride per 150 lb of body weight for a 70 kg person.
In a study of three-month-old and six-month-old rats, lithium chloride was given intraperitoneally or orally. Lithium concentrations were measured in the brain, hippocampus, cerebellum, and caudate.
During embryogenesis, lithium chloride was administered to both male and female mice. Several malformations were observed. Histological analysis revealed a series of mild to severe malformations. Depending on the duration of the treatment, the results of the experiments ranged from normal to irreversible blockage of morphogenesis.
The effect of lithium chloride on spermatogenesis was studied in immature rats. Spermatogenesis was significantly inhibited by daily subcutaneous or orally given lithium chloride.
Similarly, the effects of lithium on morphine dependence were also investigated. Dependence was induced by incubating with 4xIC(50) of morphine for two hours. Increasing the dose of lithium chloride to 1 mM reduced the development of dependence.
Moreover, the LD50 of lithium chloride in rats was determined in multiple dose experiments. Compared to the LD50 in the man, the LD50 of lithium chloride was higher in the rat. For example, a single dose of 2 g of lithium chloride in rats of 3 weeks of age, or an oral dose of 4 g of lithium chloride in rats of 6 weeks of age, was reported to be lethal.
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