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Nitinol Shape Memory Alloy Classification and Application

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Nitinol The shape memory alloy has many functional properties, including high strength, corrosion resistant, biocompatibility and non-toxicity. It is also a promising material for medical applications. Nitinol’s shape memory alloy can only be reshaped by adding temperature between 20 and 300 degrees Celsius after it has been deformed during the low temperature phase. Its expansion is greater than 20%. The fatigue life can be up to 100 times longer. And the damping characteristics of the alloy are superior.
Nitinol Wires Classification
1. In 1940 gold bowwire, cobalt chrome alloy wire, and stainless steel wire.

2. Martensite stabilized alloys were first produced in 1960. This arch wire has a low rigidity, and it can provide a lower correction force.

3. In 1980, Japanese nickel-titanium and Chinese nickel titanium alloy arch wires showed austenite states in all conditions.

4. Martensite activated alloy of nickel-titanium was developed in 1990. TTR is below the oral cavity or very close, it exists at room temperatures as a multi-element, and the material is easily deformable.

5. Thermodynamic graded alloy: This is a thermodynamic alloy that is more than 40degC hotter than the oral temperature. When the archwire made of nickel-titanium enters the oral cavity it is still a multicomponent material and is soft.

Nitinol as a clinical application:
1. It is used to align and level the dentition of patients as early as possible. Nitinol wires, with their superelasticity and shape-memory properties and lower stress/strain curves, are included as part of the initial stages in treatment systems.

2. Nitinol extension and push springs: These springs are used in orthodontics. They are elastic and ideal for orthodontic treatment.

3. Dr. Soma in Japan and his team have developed and researched the LH Arch Wire. “LH”, or Low Hysteresis, is a name that refers to what happens when the archwire is activated. The stress difference is small when compared to the stress created when the arch wire returns slowly to its original form when the tooth moves.

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