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What is silicon nitride (SiN)?
Si3N4 is the chemical formula for silicon nitride. It is a ceramic material of high strength, inherent lubricity and wear resistance. It is a atomic crystal that is resistant to oxidation.
Furthermore, it is resistant to both heat and cold. It will not break if heated in the air to over 1000degC and then quickly cooled, followed by a rapid heating. The excellent properties of silicon nitride are the reason why it is used in many mechanical components, such as bearings and turbine blades. It can also be used to produce mechanical seal rings, permanent moldings, and more. When silicon nitride is used for the heating surfaces on engine components, it can not only improve the quality of an engine, but also fuel efficiency, as the ceramics are resistant to heat and are difficult to transfer. China, Japan, the United States and other countries are developing such engines.
Silicon Nitride: Comprehensive Properties
A perfect combination material properties is what makes silicon nitride a ceramic. It is nearly as light as silica carbide, but has a microstructure that gives Si3N4 an excellent thermal shock resistant and high fracture toughness.
This microstructure is made up of interlocked microrods. The combination of these properties is especially useful when machining gray or ceramic-coated cast iron.
Silicon nitride is a cutting material that can be machined at high speed without cooling lubricants.
Ceramic components made of Si3N4 are replacing traditional materials due to their excellent chemical and physical characteristics. Ceramics made of silicon nitride are used for sealing rings, bearings and seal technology.
The use of silicon nitride in these components has a major impact on their function, reliability, and service life. The combined bearing of ceramic material with carbon or strengthened plastic is light but very hard. This makes it resistant to centrifugal pressure and provides excellent performance in emergency situations and for dry running.
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