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Strontium is an alkaline earth metal that occurs naturally mainly in the mineral celestine and in the strontium-bearing minerals strontianite. It is the 38th element on the periodic table and one of the two vertical neighbors of calcium and barium. It was discovered in 1790 by Scottish chemist William Cruickshank and physician and chemist Adair Crawford.
Strontium’s CAS registry number is 7440-24-6
The atom of this element has an s-block valence electron configuration, so it belongs to group 2 (alkaline earth metals). It is the second most abundant element in the Earth’s crust and the third most abundant in the solar system.
It has a +2 stable oxidation state and can form compounds such as strontium nitrate, carbonate and hydride. It is used to make ceramics and specialty glass, and it is a component in color television tubes.
Strontium is a soft, silver-white yellow metallic element that is highly reactive with oxygen. When dissolved in water it forms a pale-yellow, film-forming oxide and reacts with acids to liberate hydrogen gas and a salt.
Chemically, strontium is very reactive in air and spontaneously combusts, causing fire hazards. Pure metals are usually stored in organic solvents to prevent this reaction.
When heated, strontium combines with nitrogen to form nitride and with hydrogen to form hydride. This reaction is typical of alkaline earth metals. It is a strong reducing agent and reacts with various organic and inorganic compounds, including alcohols, acetoacetic acid and aniline.